“养儿防老”是真的吗?看看社会学家的研究
<section><section><p style="text-align: center;"><br/></p></section><section style="font-size: 12px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;line-height: 2;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;color: rgba(90, 92, 93, 0.87);"><section class="channels_iframe_wrp"><mp-common-videosnap class="js_uneditable custom_select_card channels_iframe channels_live_iframe videosnap_live_iframe" data-type="live" data-headimgurl="https://wx.qlogo.cn/finderhead/ChKvfc5ibpylsMzZknfz8GQlQsMy8ia7n7Hx0PuoHRricxAnyYkwUpr3O3GDs37xyGuE0xVLkBxAA8/0" data-username="v2_060000231003b20faec8c5e3801acbd3c600e535b07723c202e97b94e80ffd64a170775f0a5e@finder" data-nickname="罗振宇" data-desc="将在12月31日 20:30 直播" data-livewording="预约" data-intro="罗振宇2025“时间的朋友”跨年演讲" data-status="0" data-noticeid="finderlivenotice-v2_060000231003b20faec8c5e3801acbd3c600e535b07723c202e97b94e80ffd64a170775f0a5e@finder-1728104672653714-955857545" data-isdisabled="0" data-errortips=""></mp-common-videosnap></section></section></section><p></p><section><section style="text-align: center;line-height: 2;"><section style="caret-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: normal;white-space: normal;text-align: center;"><section style="font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;"><section style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62);width: 2.25em;height: 2.25em;border-top: 5px solid rgb(227, 108, 9);border-left: 5px solid rgb(227, 108, 9);transform: rotate(0deg);"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section><section style="margin-top: -2.25em;"><section style="padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242);"><section style="text-align: justify;padding: 10px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;font-family: PingFangSC-light;"><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">今天我们从一个有点争议的话题说起,<strong><span style="color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">养儿防老</span></strong>。据说这是在中年人里,割袍断义触发率最高的话题之一。争议程度不亚于豆腐脑是甜是咸,或者胡辣汤到底是喝河南的还是西安的。</p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">但事实上,严肃地看,这个话题不仅关系到价值观之争,它更关系到一个重要的议题,<span style="color: rgb(227, 108, 9);"><strong>养老</strong></span>。下面,咱们具体说说。</p></section></section></section></section></section><p style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"><span style="font-size: 36px;color: rgb(227, 108, 9);"><strong>01</strong></span></p><p style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"><span style="font-size: 20px;"><strong>儿子和女儿,哪个更养老?</strong></span></p></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;">2023年,我国65岁以上的人口数大约是2.2亿,而老年抚养比是22.5%。这意味着什么呢?简单来说,</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">我国每4.4名劳动年龄人口就要承担1名老人的抚养责任。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;">而在2013年,这个数字是13.1%。没错,</span><strong><span style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">十年将近翻了一倍</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;">。不只是咱们国家,随着全球老龄化趋势越来越严重,养老是个大问题。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">根据世卫组织的预估,</span><strong><span style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">2050年,全球老年人口的数量将达到16亿</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">,而到那个时候全球65岁及以上老年人的数量,将会和12岁以下儿童的数量基本持平。换句话说,到了那个时候,上有老下有小将会变成一个普遍现象。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">那么,回到现实,养儿真的可以防老吗?</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">首先,从客观角度来看,</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">养儿的确可以防老。注意,咱们这里说的“儿”是指广义的子女后代。要知道,</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">家庭养老是我国最主要的养老形式。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">根据国家卫生健康委2021年发布的数据,</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">我国养老呈“9073”格局</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">。也就是,90%的老年人居家养老,7%左右的老年人依托社区养老,只有3%的老年人入住养老机构。而</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">居家养老的老人当中,有很大一部分是跟子女同住,也就是靠子女照顾。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">根据统计,从20世纪90年代以来,中国家庭出现了明显的</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">核心化趋势</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">。比如,2000年,65岁以上的老人与子女同住的比例超过60%。即便不同住,大多数老人和子女的居住距离也非常近。说白了,很多人养老,靠的还是家庭内部。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">那么,回到狭义的层面,</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">在咱们国家,是儿子承担养老责任多一些,还是女儿多一些呢?</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">这个问题乍一看很主观,但事实上,已经有很多学者做过专门的研究。接下来,咱们就说说其中一个研究,来自南京大学社会学院的许琪教授的研究。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">许琪教授从北京大学社会学系博士毕业时,论文的题目就叫</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">《儿子养老还是女儿养老?基于家庭内部的比较分析》</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">。许琪老师的结论是什么呢?咱们接下来就一起看看。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">第一个结论是,从全国范围来看,儿子赡养父母的比例略高于女儿。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">许琪老师基于“2010年中国家庭追踪调查数据”做了严格的数据分析,结果发现,从整体来看,儿子承担养责的概率更高。这是不是意味着,全国的儿子普遍比女儿更孝顺呢?别着急,咱们继续看下面的结论。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">许琪老师的第二个结论是,儿子提供经济支持更多,而女儿提供生活照料更多。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">什么意思呢?我们都知道,子女承担养老责任,主要是两个方面,经济支持和生活照料。而由于历史因素,我国普遍流行</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">“儿子出钱,女儿出力”</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">的性别分工模式。再加上,过去女性的就业率低于男性,这就加剧了这种分工养老的模式。之前,还有学者研究欧美发达国家的家庭养老,结论跟咱们国家是一样的。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">注意,到这步还不算完,假如把城市和乡村分开来看的话,情况又有变化。</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">在农村,儿子赡养父母的作用高于女儿。但在城市,女儿的作用明显超过了儿子。</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">根据许琪老师的推测,这可能是因为,女性在城市的经济收入明显增加,再加上原本女儿承担生活照料责任的概率更高,因此</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">加在一起,女儿的养老效益就明显超过了儿子。</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);">说白了,城市和乡村,儿子与女儿的养老作用明显不同。这也是这项研究的第二个关键结论。</span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);"></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);"></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"></span></section><section style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><section style="text-align: center;line-height: 2;"><section style="caret-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: normal;"><p style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 36px;color: rgb(227, 108, 9);"><strong>02</strong></span></p><p><strong style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 20px;"><strong><span style="text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"><strong style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: center;caret-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 20px;"><strong><span style="text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">老年人,才</span></strong></strong></span></strong></strong><strong style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 20px;"><strong><span style="text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">是提高生育的关键</span></strong></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">同时,许琪老师进一步调查发现,在很多统计中,</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">儿子之所以在养老中的作用更明显,并不代表儿子一定更孝顺,主要原因之一,是</span><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">儿子跟父母同住的比例更高。</span></strong></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);"></span></strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">假如在统计过程中,严格控制子女与父母的居住距离这个变量,那么无论是在经济支持还是在照顾父母上,女儿发挥的作用都比儿子更突出。</span><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">没错,不是儿子跟女儿谁更孝顺,而是谁住得近谁更孝顺。</span></strong></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"></span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">换句话说,养儿防老的实际情况要复杂得多。谁更能给父母养老,并不是由性别决定的,而是由收入、经济水平、居住距离等等很多因素决定的。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">那么,回到跟子女同住这个事,</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">有一个问题无法避免,那就是</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">要不要帮忙带孙子孙女?</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">按照过去的理解,隔代抚养是非常普遍的事情。比如,复旦大学社会学系的教授沈奕斐在《谁在你家:中国“个体家庭”的选择》这本书中,就专门讨论过这个问题。她的结论是,在城市双职工家庭中,祖父母几乎承担了所有家务,配合儿子、儿媳及孙辈的生活工作安排,隐藏自己的喜好,压抑自己的需求。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">之前,</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">还有社会学家调研发现,相比于男性伴侣,老年人才是提升女性生育意愿的关键因素。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">什么意思呢?就是一个家庭中,丈夫多做家务、多带孩子,很难提升女性生育的可能性。但这个时候,假如有外部力量,也就是</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">老人愿意参与抚养,那才能真正缓解小家庭的压力。</span></strong></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为什么会形成这样的分工呢?沈奕斐老师提到了这么几个关键因素。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">首先,对年轻夫妇来说,养育子女是一件成本很高的事情。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">年轻的夫妻没有带孩子的经验,因此需要付出大量的精力去重新学习。再比如,请月嫂需要具备一定的经济和住宿条件,而且服务质量未必有保证。城市里大部分又是双职工家庭,工作强度和职业压力普遍比较大,没有足够的假期来养育孩子。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">说白了,</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对很多年轻人来说,</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">父母帮忙带孩子不是锦上添花,而是雪中送炭。</span></strong></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">其次,</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">从经济学的角度来看,这也是一种价值交换。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">也就是,很多老人在退休后,愿意再为子女的家庭作贡献,这样等他们更老了,子女也就会更加顺其自然地照顾他们。<br/></span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">另外,</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">除了物质上的养老,很多老人其实也希望获得情感上的回报,尤其是从孙辈上。</span></strong></section><section style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><section style="text-align: center;line-height: 2;"><section style="caret-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: normal;"><p style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 36px;color: rgb(227, 108, 9);"><strong>03</strong></span></p><p><strong style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 20px;"><strong><span style="text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"><strong style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">“新老人”,是什么样子?</span></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">现在,出现了一个新趋势是,</span><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">在帮助子女分担养育压力这件事情上,有一批老人更愿意“出钱”而不是“出力”。</span></strong></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);"></strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">之前,许琪老师调查发现,</span><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">广州地区的老人普遍都倾向于享受自己的生活。</span></strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">有一些老人就表示自己平时的生活很充实,除了体育锻炼、旅行等线下活动,还会花时间去上网学习和娱乐。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"></span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">背后的原因也不难理解。</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">现在退休的这一批老人,是我们过去常提到的“新老人”。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">也就是,他们出生在</span><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">1962到1975年“婴儿潮”时期</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">,他们在年轻时赶上了恢复高考,又赶上了改革开放和90年代的消费潮流,因此在笼统的老年人群里,他们是一批更有活力、更有消费能力的人群。而这一批新老人,尤其是生活在一线城市的新老人,他们更倾向于享受退休生活,而不是全职带娃。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">那么,除了子女之外,这批新老人又是如何处理与亲戚之间的关系的呢?之前我们经常听说年轻人“断亲”,</span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">事实上,现在的老人也有“断亲”的趋势。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">很多老人就表示,跟亲戚和亲家没必要过多联系。之前,沈奕斐老师还专门调查了上海地区的家庭,结果发现他们当中普遍流行两个观点。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">第一个是,两亲家,不聚头。</span></strong><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">也就是,每个小家庭背后的两个原生家庭,一般不会频繁交往。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">根据沈奕斐老师的说法,这种现象背后有客观原因。比如,一个小家庭没有足够的空间同时容纳两个原生家庭。但也有主观原因,由于各自的价值观差异,双方父母基本也不愿意有长期、频繁的交往。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">第二个是,很多人觉得最理想的居住形式是,两扇门,一碗汤。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">什么意思呢?两扇门,指的就是两代人分开住。即使是住在同一幢楼里,最好也是分开的两户。而一碗汤,指的就是最好保持“一碗汤”的距离。也就是,一方熬好了一锅汤,拿到另一方家中,汤还是热的。</span><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);"><br/></span></strong></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">说白了,就是距离稍微近点,还能互相照应。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">注意,这是最理想的居住状态,现实生活中很难实现。但是“两扇门,一碗汤”这个说法当中,“两扇门”始终排在前面,也就是家庭和谐的前提可能是保持适当的边界感。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">按照沈奕斐老师的说法,两代人既相互独立,又相互帮忙,一直是我国最理想的家庭关系模式。</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">比如,传统中国的房屋设计,北方是四合院,南方是纵深庭院。也就是,无论距离多近,每个家庭都必须有一个单独的院落。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最后总结一下,咱们今天讲了这么几个来自社会学家的观察。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">第一,在养老这件事情上,子女的作用非常显著。而回到具体现实,</span><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">居住距离更近的子女,承担养老责任更多。</span></strong></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">第二,过去隔代抚养很常见,</span><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">但现在已经出现了一批新老人,更愿意享受自己的退休生活,而不是全职带孙辈。</span></strong></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">第三,跟很多年轻人一样,老人也不想应对过于复杂的人际关系,尤其跟亲家不会频繁交往。</span></strong></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);color: rgb(227, 108, 9);"></span></strong><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">好,今天我们先说到这儿。希望这些发现,对你理解家庭关系有所帮助。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;">如果你想了解更多新鲜、有料、有趣的知识新闻,欢迎关注</span><a target="_blank" href="https://d.dedao.cn/FBkPgve8upqGcbWH" textvalue="得到头条" linktype="text" imgurl="" tab="outerlink" data-linktype="2" style="outline: 0px;color: var(--weui-LINK);cursor: default;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;text-indent: 0em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;outline: 0px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(227, 108, 9);"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;outline: 0px;">得到头条</strong></span></a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;">。这是得到APP的一档日更栏目,每周一到周五零点准时上线。让我们一起在世事变化中,每天学点知识。</span></span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"></span></section><section style="line-height: 2em;text-align: justify;margin: 0px 16px 24px;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-decoration: none solid rgb(63, 63, 63);"></span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"></span></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section style="font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 2px;border-style: dotted;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);padding: 10px;"><section style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;">罗振宇发愿要做20年的</span><span style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(227, 108, 9);"><strong>跨年演讲</strong></span><span style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;">,今年走到了第10个年头。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><span style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px;"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">在跨年演讲十周年之际,罗老师将和你一起站到未来,去提前听那些</span><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(227, 108, 9);">来自未来的好消息</span></strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;">12月31日20:30,希望你提前预约,和罗老师一起跨年!</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><br/></span></p><section class="channels_iframe_wrp"><mp-common-videosnap class="js_uneditable custom_select_card channels_iframe channels_live_iframe videosnap_live_iframe" data-type="live" data-headimgurl="https://wx.qlogo.cn/finderhead/ChKvfc5ibpylsMzZknfz8GQlQsMy8ia7n7Hx0PuoHRricxAnyYkwUpr3O3GDs37xyGuE0xVLkBxAA8/0" data-username="v2_060000231003b20faec8c5e3801acbd3c600e535b07723c202e97b94e80ffd64a170775f0a5e@finder" data-nickname="罗振宇" data-desc="将在12月31日 20:30 直播" data-livewording="预约" data-intro="罗振宇2025“时间的朋友”跨年演讲" data-status="0" data-noticeid="finderlivenotice-v2_060000231003b20faec8c5e3801acbd3c600e535b07723c202e97b94e80ffd64a170775f0a5e@finder-1728104672653714-955857545" data-isdisabled="0" data-errortips=""></mp-common-videosnap><span style="color: rgb(227, 108, 9);font-size: 14px;text-align: justify;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;"></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 88%;padding: 5px;align-self: flex-end;flex: 0 0 auto;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(227, 108, 9);"><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;padding: 5px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-align: left;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 508.633px;align-self: flex-end;flex: 0 0 auto;"><section style="font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 12%;align-self: flex-end;flex: 0 0 auto;"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; line-height: 0; text-align: center;"><br/></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p></p><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="3"></mp-style-type></p><p style="color:#999;font-size:.8em;margin-top:1em">转载声明:本文转载自微信公众平台 《https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/pl5GWqVW6YL1Cvsu_zmDpg》</p><p><br/></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//mas360.cc/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_SG5" id="wcn_editor_css"/>
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